As cars enter thousands of households, we drive to work or travel every day. Having some knowledge about cars is obviously important, and I plan to briefly introduce several key components of cars in the next few days. Today, I will mainly introduce a security device to you; Car steering gear.

Steering gear system: The scientific name of the steering gear is the steering gear, which is the most important component in the steering system.

The main function of the steering gear is to ensure that the car can turn and travel according to the driver's consciousness.

The composition of the car steering system: The running, turning, and stopping of the car are its basic performance, and one of their important functions is undertaken by the steering device. It is mainly divided into mechanical steering system and power steering system.

Mechanical steering system:

动力转向系统：

The main requirements of the steering system: The steering system of a car is an important device for controlling its driving route and direction, which directly affects the maneuverability and stability of the car. For automotive steering systems, in addition to requiring safe and reliable operation, easy handling, good maneuverability, and high efficiency and energy saving, it is also required to be able to provide the best road feel under various working conditions (including straight-line driving, normal steering, fast steering, stationary steering, etc.) according to different driving speeds and road conditions.

The mechanical steering system is mainly a gear rack steering gear: it is the most common type of steering gear. Its basic structure is a pair of meshing small gears and racks. When the steering shaft drives the small gear to rotate, the rack moves in a straight line. Sometimes, by using a rack to directly drive the tie rod, the steering wheel can be turned. So, this is the simplest type of steering gear. Its advantages are simple structure, low cost, sensitive steering, small size, and can directly drive the tie rod. Widely used in automobiles.

There are mainly two types of power converters: hydraulic and electric

The hydraulic system mainly consists of a circulating ball power steering system, which is composed of two main parts: the mechanical part and the hydraulic part. The mechanical part consists of a housing, side cover, upper cover, lower cover, circulating ball screw, rack nut, rotary valve core, and fan shaft. There are two pairs of transmission pairs: one pair is a screw and nut, and the other pair is a rack, a toothed fan, or a fan shaft. A steel ball that can rotate cyclically is installed between the screw and the rack nut, turning sliding friction into rolling friction, thereby improving transmission efficiency. The advantage of this type of steering gear is that it is easy to operate, has minimal wear and tear, and has a long lifespan. The disadvantage is that the structure is complex, the cost is high, and the steering sensitivity is not as good as the gear rack type. With the continuous improvement of the application and processing technology of power steering, the circular ball steering gear has been widely used in heavy-duty vehicles and engineering vehicles in recent years.

Electric Power Steering (EPS) is a power steering system that directly relies on an electric motor to provide auxiliary torque. Compared with the traditional Hydraulic Power Steering (HPS) system, EPS system has many advantages. EPS is mainly composed of torque sensors, vehicle speed sensors, electric motors, reduction mechanisms, and electronic control units (ECU).

Electric power steering system is the direction of future development; The main advantages are as follows:;

1. Only when turning, the motor provides power assistance, which can significantly reduce fuel consumption. Traditional hydraulic power steering systems are driven by the engine to drive the steering oil pump, which consumes some of the engine's power regardless of whether to turn or not.

2. The size of the steering assist can be adjusted through software, which can balance the lightness of steering at low speeds and the stability of handling at high speeds, with good centering performance.

3. Compact structure, light weight, well assembled on the production line, easy to maintain. The electric power steering system eliminates hydraulic steering oil pump, oil cylinder, hydraulic pipeline, oil tank and other components, and the motor and reduction mechanism can be integrated with the steering column and steering gear, making the entire steering system compact in structure, light in weight, easy to assemble on the production line, saving assembly time, and easy to maintain.